鸿蒙Flutter生态融合：打造全场景智能应用的实战指南

一、引言：从单应用到全场景智能

随着万物互联时代的到来，应用开发已不再局限于单一设备。鸿蒙操作系统凭借其分布式能力，为开发者提供了构建全场景智能应用的全新可能。本文将深入探讨如何利用Flutter+鸿蒙组合，开发真正意义上的全场景智能应用，覆盖手机、平板、智慧屏、手表和IoT设备。

二、鸿蒙Flutter全场景开发框架设计

2.1 全场景应用架构模式

// 全场景智能应用架构定义
class FullSceneArchitecture {
  // 核心分层架构
  final layers = [
    '统一UI层 (Flutter Widgets)',
    '业务逻辑层 (Dart BLoC/Cubit)',
    '能力抽象层 (Harmony Ability Bridge)',
    '设备适配层 (Device Adaptation)',
    '分布式服务层 (Distributed Services)',
    '原子化服务层 (Atomic Services)'
  ];
  
  // 跨设备通信模式
  Map<String, CommunicationPattern> get patterns => {
    '星型拓扑': CommunicationPattern.star(
      center: DeviceType.phone,
      satellites: [DeviceType.watch, DeviceType.tv, DeviceType.speaker]
    ),
    '网状拓扑': CommunicationPattern.mesh(
      devices: DeviceType.values,
      autoRouting: true
    ),
    '级联拓扑': CommunicationPattern.cascade(
      chain: [DeviceType.phone, DeviceType.tablet, DeviceType.tv]
    )
  };
}

// 设备能力矩阵
class DeviceCapabilityMatrix {
  static Map<DeviceType, Set<Capability>> matrix = {
    DeviceType.phone: {
      Capability.compute,
      Capability.display,
      Capability.sensors,
      Capability.camera,
      Capability.network,
      Capability.storage
    },
    DeviceType.watch: {
      Capability.display,
      Capability.sensors,
      Capability.notification,
      Capability.health
    },
    DeviceType.tv: {
      Capability.display,
      Capability.media,
      Capability.voice,
      Capability.largeScreen
    },
    DeviceType.speaker: {
      Capability.audio,
      Capability.voice,
      Capability.aiAssistant
    },
    DeviceType.iottDevice: {
      Capability.sensors,
      Capability.control,
      Capability.lowPower
    }
  };
}

2.2 开发环境全景配置

# pubspec.yaml - 全场景支持配置
name: smart_home_harmony
description: 全场景智能家居鸿蒙应用
version: 3.0.0-fullscene

dependencies:
  flutter:
    sdk: flutter
  
  # 鸿蒙核心框架
  harmony_core: ^2.0.0
  harmony_distributed: ^1.5.0
  
  # 设备特定支持
  harmony_phone: ^1.3.0
  harmony_watch: ^1.2.0
  harmony_tv: ^1.4.0
  harmony_speaker: ^1.1.0
  harmony_iot: ^0.9.0
  
  # 业务模块
  device_adaptation:
    path: ./packages/device_adaptation
  scene_orchestration:
    path: ./packages/scene_orchestration
  
  # 状态管理
  bloc: ^8.0.0
  flutter_bloc: ^8.0.0
  hydrated_bloc: ^9.0.0

# 多设备构建配置
flutter:
  module:
    androidX: true
    ios:
      module: "fullscene"
  
  harmony:
    devices:
      phone:
        min_api_level: 6
        features: ["camera", "location", "storage"]
      watch:
        min_api_level: 5
        features: ["sensors", "health", "notifications"]
      tv:
        min_api_level: 7
        features: ["remote_control", "media_playback"]
      speaker:
        min_api_level: 4
        features: ["voice", "audio_output"]

# 原子化服务配置
harmony_atomic_services:
  - name: device_control
    description: 设备控制服务
    devices: [phone, watch, tv]
    capabilities: [control, monitor]
    
  - name: scene_trigger
    description: 场景触发服务
    devices: [phone, watch, speaker]
    capabilities: [trigger, automation]
    
  - name: data_sync
    description: 数据同步服务
    devices: [phone, tablet, tv]
    capabilities: [sync, backup]

三、全场景智能家居应用实战

3.1 项目架构设计

smart_home_harmony/
├── lib/
│   ├── application/
│   │   ├── app.dart                # 主应用入口
│   │   └── scene_coordinator.dart  # 场景协调器
│   ├── domain/
│   │   ├── entities/              # 领域实体
│   │   ├── repositories/          # 仓储接口
│   │   └── use_cases/             # 业务用例
│   ├── infrastructure/
│   │   ├── harmony_adapters/      # 鸿蒙适配器
│   │   ├── device_connectors/     # 设备连接器
│   │   └── data_sources/          # 数据源
│   ├── presentation/
│   │   ├── widgets/
│   │   │   ├── common/           # 通用组件
│   │   │   ├── phone/            # 手机组件
│   │   │   ├── watch/            # 手表组件
│   │   │   ├── tv/               # TV组件
│   │   │   └── adaptive/         # 自适应组件
│   │   ├── blocs/                # 业务逻辑组件
│   │   └── pages/                # 页面
│   └── services/
│       ├── device_orchestration/ # 设备编排
│       ├── scene_automation/     # 场景自动化
│       └── ai_assistant/         # AI助手
├── packages/
│   ├── device_adaptation/        # 设备适配包
│   └── scene_orchestration/      # 场景编排包
└── harmony/
    ├── phone/                    # 手机配置
    ├── watch/                    # 手表配置
    ├── tv/                       # TV配置
    └── service_widgets/          # 服务卡片

3.2 核心代码实现

1. 全场景应用入口与协调器

// lib/application/fullscene_app.dart
import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
import 'package:bloc/bloc.dart';
import 'package:flutter_bloc/flutter_bloc.dart';
import 'package:harmony_core/harmony_core.dart';

class FullSceneSmartHomeApp extends StatefulWidget {
  const FullSceneSmartHomeApp({super.key});

  @override
  State<FullSceneSmartHomeApp> createState() => _FullSceneSmartHomeAppState();
}

class _FullSceneSmartHomeAppState extends State<FullSceneSmartHomeApp>
    with HarmonyFullSceneMixin, WidgetsBindingObserver {
  late SceneCoordinator _coordinator;
  late DeviceOrchestrator _orchestrator;
  
  @override
  void initState() {
    super.initState();
    WidgetsBinding.instance.addObserver(this);
    _initializeFullScene();
  }

  Future<void> _initializeFullScene() async {
    // 1. 初始化鸿蒙全场景能力
    await HarmonyFullScene.initialize(
      config: FullSceneConfig(
        autoDiscovery: true,
        crossDeviceSession: true,
        resourceSharing: true,
      ),
    );

    // 2. 注册设备适配器
    await DeviceAdapterRegistry.registerAdapters([
      PhoneDeviceAdapter(),
      WatchDeviceAdapter(),
      TVDeviceAdapter(),
      SpeakerDeviceAdapter(),
      IoTDeviceAdapter(),
    ]);

    // 3. 初始化场景协调器
    _coordinator = SceneCoordinator();
    await _coordinator.initialize();

    // 4. 启动设备编排器
    _orchestrator = DeviceOrchestrator(
      coordinator: _coordinator,
      strategy: OrchestrationStrategy.adaptive,
    );
    await _orchestrator.start();

    // 5. 订阅设备状态变化
    HarmonyDeviceManager.subscribeToChanges(
      onDeviceAdded: _handleDeviceAdded,
      onDeviceRemoved: _handleDeviceRemoved,
      onDeviceCapabilityChanged: _handleCapabilityChanged,
    );

    // 6. 启动AI助手
    await AIAssistant.start(
      context: context,
      capabilities: {
        AICapability.voiceControl,
        AICapability.scenePrediction,
        AICapability.energyOptimization,
      },
    );
  }

  void _handleDeviceAdded(DeviceInfo device) {
    // 新设备加入时的处理
    debugPrint('设备加入: ${device.name} (${device.type})');
    
    // 自动适配UI和功能
    _coordinator.adaptToNewDevice(device);
    
    // 通知其他设备
    _orchestrator.broadcastDeviceUpdate(device);
  }

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return MultiBlocProvider(
      providers: [
        BlocProvider<DeviceBloc>(
          create: (_) => DeviceBloc(_orchestrator),
        ),
        BlocProvider<SceneBloc>(
          create: (_) => SceneBloc(_coordinator),
        ),
        BlocProvider<OrchestrationBloc>(
          create: (_) => OrchestrationBloc(_orchestrator),
        ),
      ],
      child: MaterialApp.router(
        title: '全场景智能家居',
        theme: _buildAdaptiveTheme(),
        darkTheme: _buildAdaptiveTheme(dark: true),
        routerConfig: _buildAdaptiveRouter(),
        builder: (context, child) {
          return DeviceAwareBuilder(
            child: child!,
            phoneBuilder: (context) => PhoneLayout(child: child),
            watchBuilder: (context) => WatchLayout(child: child),
            tvBuilder: (context) => TVLayout(child: child),
            autoSwitch: true,
          );
        },
      ),
    );
  }

  ThemeData _buildAdaptiveTheme({bool dark = false}) {
    return ThemeData(
      useMaterial3: true,
      colorScheme: ColorScheme.fromSeed(
        seedColor: const Color(0xFF007DFF),
        brightness: dark ? Brightness.dark : Brightness.light,
      ),
      platform: TargetPlatform.harmony,
      extensions: [
        FullSceneThemeExtension(
          deviceColors: {
            DeviceType.phone: Colors.blue,
            DeviceType.watch: Colors.green,
            DeviceType.tv: Colors.orange,
            DeviceType.speaker: Colors.purple,
          },
          adaptiveRadius: AdaptiveValue(
            phone: 12.0,
            watch: 8.0,
            tv: 16.0,
            default: 12.0,
          ),
        ),
      ],
    );
  }

  @override
  Future<void> didChangeAppLifecycleState(AppLifecycleState state) async {
    // 应用生命周期管理
    switch (state) {
      case AppLifecycleState.resumed:
        await _orchestrator.resume();
        break;
      case AppLifecycleState.paused:
        await _orchestrator.pause();
        break;
      case AppLifecycleState.inactive:
        await _orchestrator.suspend();
        break;
      case AppLifecycleState.detached:
        await _orchestrator.stop();
        break;
      case AppLifecycleState.hidden:
        break;
    }
  }

  @override
  void dispose() {
    WidgetsBinding.instance.removeObserver(this);
    _orchestrator.dispose();
    _coordinator.dispose();
    super.dispose();
  }
}

// 场景协调器
class SceneCoordinator {
  final Map<String, ActiveScene> _activeScenes = {};
  final Map<DeviceType, DeviceContext> _deviceContexts = {};

  Future<void> initialize() async {
    // 加载场景配置
    await _loadSceneConfigurations();
    
    // 初始化设备上下文
    await _initializeDeviceContexts();
    
    // 启动场景监控
    _startSceneMonitoring();
  }

  Future<void> adaptToNewDevice(DeviceInfo device) async {
    final context = DeviceContext.fromDeviceInfo(device);
    _deviceContexts[device.type] = context;
    
    // 为设备分配合适的场景角色
    final role = _assignDeviceRole(device);
    context.role = role;
    
    // 更新UI适配
    await DeviceUIAdapter.adapt(context);
    
    // 通知场景重新编排
    _reorchestrateScenes();
  }

  DeviceRole _assignDeviceRole(DeviceInfo device) {
    // 基于设备能力和位置分配角色
    if (device.type == DeviceType.phone) {
      return DeviceRole.controller;
    } else if (device.type == DeviceType.watch) {
      return DeviceRole.monitor;
    } else if (device.type == DeviceType.tv) {
      return DeviceRole.display;
    } else if (device.type == DeviceType.speaker) {
      return DeviceRole.output;
    }
    return DeviceRole.participant;
  }

  void _reorchestrateScenes() {
    for (final scene in _activeScenes.values) {
      final optimalDevices = _findOptimalDevicesForScene(scene);
      scene.reassignDevices(optimalDevices);
    }
  }

  List<DeviceInfo> _findOptimalDevicesForScene(ActiveScene scene) {
    // 基于场景需求和设备能力进行匹配
    return _deviceContexts.values
        .where((context) => context.capabilities
            .containsAll(scene.requiredCapabilities))
        .map((context) => context.deviceInfo)
        .toList();
  }
}

2. 自适应UI组件系统

// packages/device_adaptation/lib/src/adaptive_widgets.dart
import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
import 'package:harmony_core/harmony_core.dart';

// 设备感知构建器
class DeviceAwareBuilder extends StatelessWidget {
  final Widget child;
  final WidgetBuilder? phoneBuilder;
  final WidgetBuilder? watchBuilder;
  final WidgetBuilder? tvBuilder;
  final WidgetBuilder? tabletBuilder;
  final bool autoSwitch;

  const DeviceAwareBuilder({
    super.key,
    required this.child,
    this.phoneBuilder,
    this.watchBuilder,
    this.tvBuilder,
    this.tabletBuilder,
    this.autoSwitch = true,
  });

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    if (!autoSwitch) return child;

    final deviceType = HarmonyDeviceManager.currentDeviceType;
    
    return LayoutBuilder(
      builder: (context, constraints) {
        // 基于设备和屏幕尺寸的适配
        final screenSize = Size(constraints.maxWidth, constraints.maxHeight);
        
        return switch (deviceType) {
          DeviceType.phone => phoneBuilder?.call(context) ?? 
              _buildPhoneLayout(context, screenSize),
          DeviceType.watch => watchBuilder?.call(context) ?? 
              _buildWatchLayout(context, screenSize),
          DeviceType.tv => tvBuilder?.call(context) ?? 
              _buildTVLayout(context, screenSize),
          DeviceType.tablet => tabletBuilder?.call(context) ?? 
              _buildTabletLayout(context, screenSize),
          _ => _buildDefaultLayout(context, screenSize),
        };
      },
    );
  }

  Widget _buildPhoneLayout(BuildContext context, Size screenSize) {
    return AdaptiveScaffold(
      deviceType: DeviceType.phone,
      body: child,
      appBar: AppBar(
        title: const Text('智能家居'),
        actions: [
          IconButton(
            icon: const Icon(Icons.devices),
            onPressed: () => _showDevicePanel(context),
          ),
        ],
      ),
      bottomNavigationBar: BottomNavigationBar(
        items: const [
          BottomNavigationBarItem(icon: Icon(Icons.home), label: '首页'),
          BottomNavigationBarItem(icon: Icon(Icons.scene), label: '场景'),
          BottomNavigationBarItem(icon: Icon(Icons.devices), label: '设备'),
          BottomNavigationBarItem(icon: Icon(Icons.settings), label: '设置'),
        ],
      ),
    );
  }

  Widget _buildWatchLayout(BuildContext context, Size screenSize) {
    return WatchScaffold(
      child: Column(
        children: [
          WatchHeader(title: '智能家居'),
          Expanded(
            child: WatchScrollView(
              children: [
                WatchCard(
                  title: '快捷控制',
                  child: _buildWatchQuickControls(),
                ),
                WatchCard(
                  title: '场景',
                  child: _buildWatchScenes(),
                ),
                WatchCard(
                  title: '状态',
                  child: _buildWatchStatus(),
                ),
              ],
            ),
          ),
        ],
      ),
    );
  }

  Widget _buildTVLayout(BuildContext context, Size screenSize) {
    return TVScaffold(
      child: Row(
        children: [
          // 左侧导航
          TVNavigationRail(
            selectedIndex: 0,
            onDestinationSelected: (index) {},
            destinations: const [
              TVNavigationDestination(icon: Icon(Icons.home), label: '首页'),
              TVNavigationDestination(icon: Icon(Icons.light), label: '灯光'),
              TVNavigationDestination(icon: Icon(Icons.thermostat), label: '温控'),
              TVNavigationDestination(icon: Icon(Icons.security), label: '安防'),
            ],
          ),
          
          // 主内容区
          Expanded(
            child: TVContentArea(
              child: GridView.builder(
                gridDelegate: const TVGridDelegate(
                  crossAxisCount: 4,
                  childAspectRatio: 16 / 9,
                  spacing: 24,
                ),
                itemCount: 8,
                itemBuilder: (context, index) {
                  return TVDeviceCard(
                    device: _devices[index],
                    focusable: true,
                    onSelect: () => _controlDevice(_devices[index]),
                  );
                },
              ),
            ),
          ),
          
          // 右侧状态栏
          const TVStatusPanel(),
        ],
      ),
    );
  }
}

// 自适应设备卡片
class AdaptiveDeviceCard extends StatelessWidget {
  final Device device;
  final DeviceType targetDevice;

  const AdaptiveDeviceCard({
    super.key,
    required this.device,
    this.targetDevice = DeviceType.phone,
  });

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return switch (targetDevice) {
      DeviceType.phone => _buildPhoneCard(context),
      DeviceType.watch => _buildWatchCard(context),
      DeviceType.tv => _buildTVCard(context),
      _ => _buildDefaultCard(context),
    };
  }

  Widget _buildPhoneCard(BuildContext context) {
    return Card(
      child: Padding(
        padding: const EdgeInsets.all(16),
        child: Column(
          crossAxisAlignment: CrossAxisAlignment.start,
          children: [
            Row(
              children: [
                Icon(device.icon, size: 24),
                const SizedBox(width: 12),
                Expanded(
                  child: Text(
                    device.name,
                    style: Theme.of(context).textTheme.titleMedium,
                  ),
                ),
                DeviceStatusIndicator(status: device.status),
              ],
            ),
            const SizedBox(height: 12),
            Text(
              device.location,
              style: Theme.of(context).textTheme.bodySmall,
            ),
            const SizedBox(height: 16),
            Row(
              mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.spaceBetween,
              children: [
                TextButton(
                  onPressed: () => _toggleDevice(device),
                  child: Text(device.isOn ? '关闭' : '开启'),
                ),
                IconButton(
                  icon: const Icon(Icons.more_vert),
                  onPressed: () => _showDeviceMenu(context, device),
                ),
              ],
            ),
          ],
        ),
      ),
    );
  }

  Widget _buildWatchCard(BuildContext context) {
    return WatchCard(
      compact: true,
      child: Row(
        children: [
          Icon(device.icon, size: 16),
          const SizedBox(width: 8),
          Expanded(
            child: Text(
              device.name,
              style: Theme.of(context).textTheme.bodyMedium,
              maxLines: 1,
            ),
          ),
          WatchSwitch(
            value: device.isOn,
            onChanged: (value) => _toggleDevice(device),
          ),
        ],
      ),
    );
  }

  Widget _buildTVCard(BuildContext context) {
    return TVFocusableCard(
      focusColor: Theme.of(context).colorScheme.secondary,
      child: Column(
        mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.center,
        children: [
          Icon(device.icon, size: 48),
          const SizedBox(height: 12),
          Text(
            device.name,
            style: Theme.of(context).textTheme.titleMedium,
            textAlign: TextAlign.center,
          ),
          const SizedBox(height: 8),
          TVToggleButton(
            value: device.isOn,
            onChanged: (value) => _toggleDevice(device),
          ),
        ],
      ),
      onSelect: () => _showDeviceDetail(device),
    );
  }
}

3. 分布式场景自动化引擎

// packages/scene_orchestration/lib/src/scene_engine.dart
import 'dart:async';
import 'package:flutter/foundation.dart';
import 'package:harmony_distributed/harmony_distributed.dart';

class SceneAutomationEngine {
  final Map<String, SceneDefinition> _scenes = {};
  final Map<String, ActiveScene> _activeScenes = {};
  final SceneTriggerManager _triggerManager;
  final DeviceOrchestrator _orchestrator;
  final AIScenePredictor _aiPredictor;

  SceneAutomationEngine({
    required this._orchestrator,
    required SceneTriggerManager triggerManager,
    required AIScenePredictor aiPredictor,
  }) : _triggerManager = triggerManager,
       _aiPredictor = aiPredictor {
    _initialize();
  }

  Future<void> _initialize() async {
    // 1. 加载场景定义
    await _loadSceneDefinitions();
    
    // 2. 初始化触发器
    await _triggerManager.initialize();
    
    // 3. 启动AI预测
    _aiPredictor.start();
    
    // 4. 监听设备变化
    _setupDeviceListeners();
    
    // 5. 启动场景监控
    _startSceneMonitoring();
  }

  Future<void> executeScene(String sceneId,
      {Map<String, dynamic>? parameters}) async {
    final scene = _scenes[sceneId];
    if (scene == null) {
      throw SceneNotFoundException(sceneId);
    }

    // 检查前置条件
    if (!await _checkPreconditions(scene)) {
      debugPrint('场景 $sceneId 的前置条件不满足');
      return;
    }

    // 选择最优设备组合
    final devices = await _selectOptimalDevices(scene);
    
    // 创建活跃场景
    final activeScene = ActiveScene(
      definition: scene,
      executingDevices: devices,
      parameters: parameters ?? {},
    );
    
    _activeScenes[sceneId] = activeScene;
    
    // 分布式执行
    await _executeDistributed(scene, devices, parameters);
    
    // 启动监控
    _monitorSceneExecution(activeScene);
    
    // 记录场景执行
    await _logSceneExecution(scene);
    
    // AI学习
    _aiPredictor.learnFromExecution(scene, devices);
  }

  Future<List<DeviceInfo>> _selectOptimalDevices(SceneDefinition scene) async {
    final availableDevices = await _orchestrator.getAvailableDevices();
    
    // 基于场景需求和设备能力进行匹配
    final candidates = availableDevices.where((device) {
      return device.capabilities.containsAll(scene.requiredCapabilities);
    }).toList();
    
    // 使用AI推荐最优组合
    final optimalDevices = await _aiPredictor.recommendDevices(
      scene: scene,
      candidates: candidates,
    );
    
    return optimalDevices;
  }

  Future<void> _executeDistributed(
    SceneDefinition scene,
    List<DeviceInfo> devices,
    Map<String, dynamic>? parameters,
  ) async {
    // 创建分布式执行会话
    final session = await DistributedExecutionSession.create(
      sceneId: scene.id,
      devices: devices,
      executionPlan: scene.executionPlan,
    );
    
    // 分配执行任务
    final tasks = _distributeTasks(scene, devices);
    
    // 并行执行
    final results = await Future.wait(
      tasks.map((task) => _executeTask(task, session)),
    );
    
    // 验证执行结果
    final allSuccess = results.every((r) => r.success);
    if (!allSuccess) {
      // 失败重试或回滚
      await _handleExecutionFailure(scene, devices, results);
    }
    
    // 同步状态到所有设备
    await _syncSceneState(scene, devices, results);
  }

  List<DistributedTask> _distributeTasks(
    SceneDefinition scene,
    List<DeviceInfo> devices,
  ) {
    final tasks = <DistributedTask>[];
    
    for (final action in scene.actions) {
      // 为每个动作选择最合适的设备
      final device = _findBestDeviceForAction(action, devices);
      
      tasks.add(DistributedTask(
        action: action,
        targetDevice: device,
        dependencies: action.dependencies,
      ));
    }
    
    return tasks;
  }

  DeviceInfo _findBestDeviceForAction(SceneAction action, List<DeviceInfo> devices) {
    // 基于设备能力、位置、当前负载等因素选择
    return devices.reduce((best, current) {
      final bestScore = _calculateDeviceScore(best, action);
      final currentScore = _calculateDeviceScore(current, action);
      
      return currentScore > bestScore ? current : best;
    });
  }

  double _calculateDeviceScore(DeviceInfo device, SceneAction action) {
    double score = 0.0;
    
    // 能力匹配度
    final capabilityMatch = device.capabilities
        .intersection(action.requiredCapabilities).length / 
        action.requiredCapabilities.length;
    score += capabilityMatch * 0.4;
    
    // 位置接近度
    final locationScore = _calculateLocationScore(device, action);
    score += locationScore * 0.3;
    
    // 当前负载
    final loadScore = 1.0 - (device.currentLoad / 100.0);
    score += loadScore * 0.2;
    
    // 网络延迟
    final latencyScore = 1.0 - (device.networkLatency / 1000.0);
    score += latencyScore * 0.1;
    
    return score;
  }

  Future<void> _syncSceneState(
    SceneDefinition scene,
    List<DeviceInfo> devices,
    List<TaskResult> results,
  ) async {
    // 创建状态同步包
    final stateUpdate = SceneStateUpdate(
      sceneId: scene.id,
      timestamp: DateTime.now(),
      deviceStates: Map.fromIterable(
        devices,
        key: (device) => device.id,
        value: (device) => DeviceState.fromDevice(device),
      ),
      actionResults: results,
    );
    
    // 广播状态更新
    await DistributedStateManager.broadcastUpdate(
      update: stateUpdate,
      targetDevices: devices,
    );
    
    // 持久化状态
    await SceneStateRepository.save(stateUpdate);
  }
}

4. 原子化服务与跨设备交互

// lib/services/atomic_services/device_control_service.dart
import 'package:harmony_atomic/harmony_atomic.dart';

// 设备控制原子化服务
@HarmonyAtomicService(
  name: 'com.example.smarthome.deviceControl',
  description: '智能家居设备控制服务',
  version: '1.0.0',
  minApiLevel: 6,
)
class DeviceControlAtomicService extends AtomicService {
  final DeviceManager _deviceManager;
  final PermissionManager _permissionManager;
  
  DeviceControlAtomicService({
    required DeviceManager deviceManager,
    required PermissionManager permissionManager,
  }) : _deviceManager = deviceManager,
       _permissionManager = permissionManager;
  
  @override
  List<AtomicCapability> get capabilities => [
    AtomicCapability.deviceControl,
    AtomicCapability.stateQuery,
    AtomicCapability.groupControl,
  ];
  
  @AtomicMethod(
    name: 'toggleDevice',
    description: '切换设备开关状态',
    parameters: {
      'deviceId': AtomicParameter.string(required: true),
      'state': AtomicParameter.bool(),
    },
  )
  Future<AtomicResult> toggleDevice(
    String deviceId, {
    bool? state,
  }) async {
    // 验证权限
    if (!await _permissionManager.checkDeviceControl(deviceId)) {
      return AtomicResult.error(
        code: 'PERMISSION_DENIED',
        message: '没有控制该设备的权限',
      );
    }
    
    try {
      final device = await _deviceManager.getDevice(deviceId);
      final targetState = state ?? !device.isOn;
      
      // 执行设备控制
      await device.setPowerState(targetState);
      
      // 记录操作日志
      await _logDeviceOperation(deviceId, 'toggle', {
        'from': device.isOn,
        'to': targetState,
      });
      
      // 同步到其他设备
      await _syncDeviceState(deviceId, targetState);
      
      return AtomicResult.success(data: {
        'deviceId': deviceId,
        'newState': targetState,
        'timestamp': DateTime.now().millisecondsSinceEpoch,
      });
    } catch (e) {
      return AtomicResult.error(
        code: 'DEVICE_ERROR',
        message: '设备控制失败: $e',
      );
    }
  }
  
  @AtomicMethod(
    name: 'getDeviceStatus',
    description: '获取设备状态',
    parameters: {
      'deviceId': AtomicParameter.string(required: true),
      'includeMetrics': AtomicParameter.bool(defaultValue: false),
    },
  )
  Future<AtomicResult> getDeviceStatus(
    String deviceId, {
    bool includeMetrics = false,
  }) async {
    final device = await _deviceManager.getDevice(deviceId);
    
    final response = {
      'deviceId': deviceId,
      'name': device.name,
      'type': device.type.toString(),
      'isOnline': device.isOnline,
      'isOn': device.isOn,
      'lastSeen': device.lastSeen?.millisecondsSinceEpoch,
      'capabilities': device.capabilities.map((c) => c.toString()).toList(),
    };
    
    if (includeMetrics) {
      response['metrics'] = await device.getMetrics();
    }
    
    return AtomicResult.success(data: response);
  }
  
  @AtomicMethod(
    name: 'controlDeviceGroup',
    description: '控制设备群组',
    parameters: {
      'groupId': AtomicParameter.string(required: true),
      'action': AtomicParameter.string(
        required: true,
        allowedValues: ['turnOn', 'turnOff', 'toggle'],
      ),
    },
  )
  Future<AtomicResult> controlDeviceGroup(
    String groupId,
    String action,
  ) async {
    final group = await _deviceManager.getDeviceGroup(groupId);
    final devices = group.devices;
    
    final results = await Future.wait(
      devices.map((device) async {
        try {
          switch (action) {
            case 'turnOn':
              await device.turnOn();
              break;
            case 'turnOff':
              await device.turnOff();
              break;
            case 'toggle':
              await device.toggle();
              break;
          }
          return {'deviceId': device.id, 'success': true};
        } catch (e) {
          return {'deviceId': device.id, 'success': false, 'error': e.toString()};
        }
      }),
    );
    
    final successful = results.where((r) => r['success'] == true).length;
    
    return AtomicResult.success(data: {
      'groupId': groupId,
      'action': action,
      'totalDevices': devices.length,
      'successful': successful,
      'failed': devices.length - successful,
      'details': results,
    });
  }
  
  Future<void> _syncDeviceState(String deviceId, bool state) async {
    // 通过分布式能力同步状态
    await DistributedStateSync.sync(
      key: 'device_$deviceId',
      value: {'powerState': state},
      strategy: SyncStrategy.immediate,
    );
  }
}

四、全场景调试与性能优化

4.1 多设备协同调试系统

// 全场景调试工具
class FullSceneDebugger {
  static final FullSceneDebugger _instance = FullSceneDebugger._internal();
  factory FullSceneDebugger() => _instance;
  FullSceneDebugger._internal();
  
  final Map<DeviceType, DebugSession> _sessions = {};
  final StreamController<DebugEvent> _eventStream = StreamController.broadcast();
  
  Future<void> startCrossDeviceDebugging() async {
    // 1. 发现调试设备
    final devices = await HarmonyDebug.discoverDebugDevices();
    
    // 2. 建立调试会话
    for (final device in devices) {
      final session = await DebugSession.connect(device);
      _sessions[device.type] = session;
      
      // 监听设备调试输出
      session.outputStream.listen((output) {
        _eventStream.add(DebugEvent.deviceOutput(device.type, output));
      });
    }
    
    // 3. 启动性能监控
    _startPerformanceMonitoring();
    
    // 4. 启动网络跟踪
    _startNetworkTracing();
    
    // 5. 显示调试面板
    _showDebugOverlay();
  }
  
  void _showDebugOverlay() {
    // 多设备状态展示
    OverlayEntry(
      builder: (context) => Positioned(
        top: 0,
        right: 0,
        child: Container(
          width: 300,
          padding: const EdgeInsets.all(12),
          decoration: BoxDecoration(
            color: Colors.black87,
            borderRadius: BorderRadius.circular(8),
          ),
          child: Column(
            crossAxisAlignment: CrossAxisAlignment.start,
            children: [
              const Text(
                '全场景调试面板',
                style: TextStyle(color: Colors.white, fontWeight: FontWeight.bold),
              ),
              const SizedBox(height: 8),
              ..._sessions.entries.map((entry) {
                return _buildDeviceStatusRow(entry.key, entry.value);
              }),
              const SizedBox(height: 8),
              ElevatedButton(
                onPressed: _captureCrossDeviceState,
                child: const Text('抓取全场景状态'),
              ),
            ],
          ),
        ),
      ),
    );
  }
  
  Future<void> _captureCrossDeviceState() async {
    final states = <DeviceType, Map<String, dynamic>>{};
    
    for (final entry in _sessions.entries) {
      final state = await entry.value.captureState();
      states[entry.key] = state;
    }
    
    // 分析状态一致性
    final analysis = await _analyzeStateConsistency(states);
    
    // 生成调试报告
    final report = DebugReport(
      timestamp: DateTime.now(),
      deviceStates: states,
      consistencyAnalysis: analysis,
      recommendations: _generateRecommendations(analysis),
    );
    
    await DebugReportExporter.export(report);
  }
}

// 性能优化助手
class FullScenePerformanceOptimizer {
  static Future<void> optimizeForFullScene() async {
    // 1. 设备资源协调
    await _coordinateDeviceResources();
    
    // 2. 自适应渲染优化
    await _optimizeAdaptiveRendering();
    
    // 3. 分布式状态同步优化
    await _optimizeStateSynchronization();
    
    // 4. 网络通信优化
    await _optimizeNetworkCommunication();
    
    // 5. 内存使用优化
    await _optimizeMemoryUsage();
  }
  
  static Future<void> _optimizeAdaptiveRendering() async {
    // 设备特定的渲染优化
    final optimizations = {
      DeviceType.phone: PhoneRenderingOptimization(
        maxTextureSize: 2048,
        enablePartialRendering: true,
        cacheStrategy: CacheStrategy.aggressive,
      ),
      DeviceType.watch: WatchRenderingOptimization(
        maxFrameRate: 30,
        simplifyAnimations: true,
        reduceTransparency: true,
      ),
      DeviceType.tv: TVRenderingOptimization(
        enableHardwareAcceleration: true,
        textureCompression: TextureCompression.etc2,
        antiAliasing: AntiAliasing.msaa4x,
      ),
    };
    
    for (final entry in optimizations.entries) {
      await HarmonyRendering.optimizeForDevice(
        deviceType: entry.key,
        optimization: entry.value,
      );
    }
  }
}

五、部署与发布策略

5.1 多设备一键部署

#!/bin/bash
# 全场景应用部署脚本

# 1. 清理构建缓存
flutter clean

# 2. 构建所有设备版本
echo "构建手机版本..."
flutter build harmony --release --target-device phone --flavor prod

echo "构建手表版本..."
flutter build harmony --release --target-device watch --flavor prod

echo "构建TV版本..."
flutter build harmony --release --target-device tv --flavor prod

echo "构建平板版本..."
flutter build harmony --release --target-device tablet --flavor prod

# 3. 生成原子化服务
echo "生成原子化服务..."
flutter harmony generate-atomic-services \
  --config ./harmony/atomic_services.yaml \
  --output ./dist/atomic_services

# 4. 打包全场景应用
echo "打包全场景应用包..."
harmony-package fullscene \
  --name "SmartHome_FullScene" \
  --version "3.0.0" \
  --output ./dist/fullscene.hap \
  --include-devices phone,watch,tv,tablet \
  --include-services atomic

# 5. 签名
echo "应用签名..."
harmony-sign \
  --input ./dist/fullscene.hap \
  --cert ./certificates/release.p7b \
  --profile ./profiles/release.json

# 6. 发布到AppGallery Connect
echo "发布到AppGallery Connect..."
harmony-publish \
  --app-id com.example.smarthome \
  --hap-file ./dist/fullscene.hap.signed \
  --release-notes "全场景智能家居应用v3.0.0" \
  --auto-submit

# 7. 生成设备适配报告
echo "生成设备适配报告..."
flutter analyze --device-adaptation-report ./reports/adaptation.html

echo "部署完成！"

六、总结：全场景智能应用的未来

通过本文的深入实践，我们基于Flutter+鸿蒙OS的技术组合，构建了一个真正意义上的全场景智能家居应用解决方案，充分展示了这套技术组合在物联网领域的强大能力：

✅ 统一开发体验：采用Flutter框架实现一套代码多设备运行，覆盖从手机、平板到智能手表、智能电视等各类终端设备。例如，同一套UI代码可以自动适配不同尺寸的屏幕，显著提升了开发效率。

✅ 智能设备编排：基于鸿蒙分布式能力实现的场景化设备自动选择机制。当用户设置"观影模式"时，系统会自动关闭窗帘、调暗灯光、开启投影仪，形成完整的场景联动。

✅ 自适应UI系统：深度集成的设备感知界面适配方案，可根据运行设备的类型、屏幕尺寸、交互方式等特性，智能调整UI布局和交互逻辑。比如在手表上显示精简控制面板，在平板上展示完整功能界面。

✅ 分布式场景引擎：创新的跨设备协同场景自动化系统，支持多设备间的无缝协作。例如手机可作为智能门锁的临时控制终端，电视可同步显示安防摄像头的实时画面。

✅ 原子化服务架构：采用鸿蒙原子化服务理念，将通用能力如设备控制、场景触发等封装为可复用的服务模块，支持按需组合和动态加载，极大提升了功能复用率。

✅ 全生命周期管理：提供从开发调试、测试验证到部署上线的完整工具链支持，包括鸿蒙IDE集成、设备模拟器、OTA升级等全套解决方案，确保项目顺利落地。

未来演进方向：

短期演进（1-2年内）：

1. 更精细的设备能力建模：

   • 建立设备能力图谱数据库，包含500+种IoT设备的详细参数（如传感器精度、响应延迟等）
   • 开发动态能力评估算法，支持设备性能实时校准
   • 示例：智能空调的温度控制精度可从±1℃提升到±0.3℃

2. 实时设备发现与配对优化：

   • 采用改进的mDNS协议实现秒级设备发现
   • 开发自适应配对协议，支持蓝牙5.2/Wi-Fi 6双模自动切换
   • 应用场景：家庭影院系统可自动识别并连接新添加的soundbar设备

3. 场景模板市场建设：

   • 搭建开发者平台，提供标准化场景SDK
   • 首批将上线200+个经过验证的场景模板（如"晨起模式"、“安防模式”）
   • 支持用户评分和场景组合功能

中期规划（3-5年）：

1. 跨平台生态融合：

   • 开发统一设备抽象层，兼容Android Things/HomeKit/Web of Things
   • 实现跨平台场景同步，如iOS设置的安防规则可自动同步到Android设备
   • 典型应用：智能门锁在不同平台间的无缝控制

2. 边缘计算设备支持：

   • 开发轻量级AI推理框架（<100MB内存占用）
   • 支持主流边缘计算硬件（如NVIDIA Jetson、华为Atlas）
   • 场景示例：本地化的人体姿态识别实现更精准的跌倒检测

3. 5G网络优化适配：

   • 设计低时延设备通信协议（端到端延迟<10ms）
   • 开发网络切片管理模块，支持QoS分级保障
   • 应用场景：远程医疗设备的实时控制

长期愿景（5年以上）：

1. 完全自主的场景学习与创造：

   • 基于强化学习的场景自进化系统
   • 支持自然语言交互的场景定制（如"帮我创建周末放松模式"）
   • 示例：系统可自动学习用户作息规律优化照明方案

2. 脑机接口设备支持：

   • 开发EEG信号解码中间件
   • 实现思维控制的基础场景（眨眼开关灯等）
   • 医疗应用：帮助残障人士控制智能家居

3. 量子计算赋能：

   • 研发量子加密通信模块
   • 实现设备群组的最优调度算法
   • 典型应用：百万级设备网络的实时优化管理