1. 整体架构设计

层级 核心能力 适配重点
客户端层 音视频渲染、硬件调用 鸿蒙 PC 的摄像头 / 麦克风驱动适配、Electron 与鸿蒙 PC 系统交互
通信层 实时传输、连接协商 鸿蒙 PC 与其他终端的 SDP 协议兼容、NAT 穿透优化
功能层 音视频通话、屏幕共享 鸿蒙 PC 屏幕流编码格式统一、跨端操作逻辑对齐

2. 核心技术点与难点突破

技术点 实现方案 难点突破
鸿蒙 PC 硬件资源调用 Electron 通过鸿蒙 Linux 子系统调用鸿蒙 PC 摄像头 / 麦克风;鸿蒙 PC 原生通过 ArkTS 多媒体 API 捕获音视频流 解决 Electron 与鸿蒙 PC 硬件驱动的兼容性问题,统一音视频流格式;适配鸿蒙 PC 的硬件权限管理机制
WebRTC 跨端适配 使用 simple-peer 封装 WebRTC API,适配鸿蒙 PC 浏览器内核与 Electron Chromium 内核 处理鸿蒙 PC 与其他终端的 SDP 协议差异,优化鸿蒙 PC 在企业内网环境下的 NAT 穿透成功率
分布式房间管理 基于 Socket.io 实现跨设备房间创建 / 加入,结合鸿蒙 PC 设备管理服务同步在线状态 实现鸿蒙 PC 与鸿蒙移动设备、Electron 端的实时状态同步,支持跨网络连接
屏幕共享 Electron 端使用 desktopCapturer 捕获桌面流,鸿蒙 PC 通过 display 模块获取屏幕数据 统一鸿蒙 PC 与其他终端的屏幕流编码格式(H.264),降低鸿蒙 PC 屏幕共享的传输延迟

3. 技术栈升级

  • 基础栈:Electron 28+ + Vue 3 + Vite + TypeScript(强类型约束);
  • 通信相关:simple-peer(WebRTC 封装)、socket.io-client(信令通信);
  • 音视频处理:mediasoup-client(可选,优化音视频传输)、ffmpeg.wasm(前端音视频编码);
  • 鸿蒙原生:ArkTS + 鸿蒙多媒体模块(@ohos.multimedia.media)、分布式设备管理(@ohos.distributedhardware.deviceManager)、鸿蒙 PC 系统适配 API;
  • 信令服务器:Node.js + Express + Socket.io。

二、完整代码案例:跨端实时音视频协作工具

功能说明

  • 房间创建 / 加入:支持多设备(Electron + 鸿蒙 PC / 移动)加入同一房间;
  • 实时音视频通话:双向音视频流传输,支持静音 / 关闭摄像头;
  • 屏幕共享:Electron 端桌面共享、鸿蒙 PC / 移动端屏幕投射;
  • 点对点文件传输:基于 WebRTC DataChannel 传输文件(支持断点续传);
  • 跨端兼容:鸿蒙 PC / 移动设备、Windows/macOS/Linux 全平台支持。

1. 第一步:信令服务器实现(Node.js + Socket.io)

负责房间管理、设备发现、WebRTC 连接协商,重点适配鸿蒙 PC 设备的状态同步:

// server/index.js
const express = require('express');
const http = require('http');
const { Server } = require('socket.io');

const app = express();
const server = http.createServer(app);
const io = new Server(server, {
  cors: {
    origin: "*",  // 开发环境允许跨域,生产环境需限制白名单
    methods: ["GET", "POST"]
  }
});

// 房间数据结构:{ roomId: { users: [{ socketId, deviceType, userId, deviceModel }] } }
const rooms = new Map();

io.on('connection', (socket) => {
  console.log('新客户端连接:', socket.id);

  // 1. 创建房间
  socket.on('create-room', (roomId, userId, deviceType, deviceModel = 'unknown') => {
    if (!rooms.has(roomId)) {
      rooms.set(roomId, { users: [] });
    }
    const room = rooms.get(roomId);
    // 记录设备类型(区分鸿蒙PC/harmony-pc、鸿蒙移动/harmony-mobile、Electron/electron)
    room.users.push({ socketId: socket.id, userId, deviceType, deviceModel });
    socket.join(roomId);
    socket.emit('room-created', roomId, room.users);
    io.to(roomId).emit('user-joined', { socketId: socket.id, userId, deviceType, deviceModel });
    console.log(`用户 ${userId}(${deviceType}-${deviceModel})创建房间 ${roomId}`);
  });

  // 2. 加入房间
  socket.on('join-room', (roomId, userId, deviceType, deviceModel = 'unknown') => {
    if (!rooms.has(roomId)) {
      socket.emit('room-not-found');
      return;
    }
    const room = rooms.get(roomId);
    room.users.push({ socketId: socket.id, userId, deviceType, deviceModel });
    socket.join(roomId);
    socket.emit('room-joined', roomId, room.users);
    io.to(roomId).emit('user-joined', { socketId: socket.id, userId, deviceType, deviceModel });
    console.log(`用户 ${userId}(${deviceType}-${deviceModel})加入房间 ${roomId}`);
  });

  // 3. WebRTC 信令转发(SDP Offer/Answer、ICE Candidate)
  socket.on('signal', (roomId, targetSocketId, data) => {
    socket.to(targetSocketId).emit('signal', {
      from: socket.id,
      data
    });
  });

  // 4. 离开房间
  socket.on('leave-room', (roomId) => {
    if (rooms.has(roomId)) {
      const room = rooms.get(roomId);
      room.users = room.users.filter(user => user.socketId !== socket.id);
      if (room.users.length === 0) {
        rooms.delete(roomId);
      } else {
        rooms.set(roomId, room);
      }
      socket.leave(roomId);
      io.to(roomId).emit('user-left', socket.id);
      console.log(`客户端 ${socket.id} 离开房间 ${roomId}`);
    }
  });

  // 5. 断开连接
  socket.on('disconnect', () => {
    // 移除所有房间中的该客户端
    for (const [roomId, room] of rooms.entries()) {
      const userIndex = room.users.findIndex(user => user.socketId === socket.id);
      if (userIndex > -1) {
        room.users.splice(userIndex, 1);
        if (room.users.length === 0) {
          rooms.delete(roomId);
        } else {
          rooms.set(roomId, room);
        }
        io.to(roomId).emit('user-left', socket.id);
      }
    }
    console.log('客户端断开连接:', socket.id);
  });
});

const PORT = process.env.PORT || 3001;
server.listen(PORT, () => {
  console.log(`信令服务器运行在 http://localhost:${PORT}`);
});

2. 第二步:Electron 端实现(核心逻辑)

(1)项目结构
webrtc-collab-tool/
├── electron-app/          # Electron 客户端
│   ├── src/
│   │   ├── main/          # 主进程
│   │   │   ├── main.ts    # 窗口管理、硬件调用
│   │   │   ├── ipc-handlers.ts  # IPC 通信处理
│   │   │   └── webrtc-service.ts  # WebRTC 核心逻辑(适配鸿蒙PC)
│   │   ├── renderer/      # 渲染进程(Vue)
│   │   │   ├── components/  # 音视频组件、房间组件
│   │   │   ├── views/      # 主页面
│   │   │   ├── main.ts     # Vue 入口
│   │   │   └── utils/      # 工具函数(信令连接、文件传输)
│   │   ├── preload.ts     # 预加载脚本
│   │   └── types/          # TypeScript 类型定义(新增鸿蒙PC类型)
│   ├── package.json
│   └── vite.config.ts
└── server/                # 信令服务器
    ├── index.js
    └── package.json
(2)主进程核心逻辑(main/webrtc-service.ts)

封装 WebRTC 连接与音视频捕获,新增鸿蒙 PC 设备适配逻辑:

import { BrowserWindow, desktopCapturer, ipcMain } from 'electron';
import SimplePeer from 'simple-peer';
import { io, Socket } from 'socket.io-client';
import { v4 as uuidv4 } from 'uuid';

// 扩展设备类型,新增鸿蒙PC
export type DeviceType = 'electron' | 'harmony-mobile' | 'harmony-pc';
export type User = { socketId: string; userId: string; deviceType: DeviceType; deviceModel?: string };
export type RoomInfo = { roomId: string; users: User[] };

class WebRTCSevice {
  private socket: Socket | null = null;
  private peers = new Map<string, SimplePeer.Instance>(); // key: 对方 socketId
  private localStream: MediaStream | null = null;
  private roomId: string = '';
  private userId: string = uuidv4();
  // 自动识别设备类型,若运行在鸿蒙PC的Linux子系统中则标记为harmony-pc
  private deviceType: DeviceType = process.env.HARMONY_PC ? 'harmony-pc' : 'electron';
  private deviceModel: string = process.env.HARMONY_PC_MODEL || 'Electron';

  // 初始化信令连接
  async initSignalConnection(signalServerUrl: string) {
    this.socket = io(signalServerUrl);

    // 信令事件监听
    this.socket.on('connect', () => {
      console.log('信令服务器连接成功');
      this.sendIpcToRenderer('signal-connected', true);
    });

    this.socket.on('room-created', (roomId: string, users: User[]) => {
      this.roomId = roomId;
      this.sendIpcToRenderer('room-created', { roomId, users });
    });

    this.socket.on('room-joined', (roomId: string, users: User[]) => {
      this.roomId = roomId;
      this.sendIpcToRenderer('room-joined', { roomId, users });
      // 向已在房间的用户发起 WebRTC 连接
      users.forEach(user => {
        if (user.socketId !== this.socket?.id) {
          this.createPeerConnection(user.socketId);
        }
      });
    });

    this.socket.on('user-joined', (user: User) => {
      this.sendIpcToRenderer('user-joined', user);
      // 针对鸿蒙PC设备优化连接策略
      const isHarmonyPc = user.deviceType === 'harmony-pc';
      setTimeout(() => {
        this.createPeerConnection(user.socketId, isHarmonyPc);
      }, isHarmonyPc ? 500 : 0);
    });

    this.socket.on('user-left', (socketId: string) => {
      this.sendIpcToRenderer('user-left', socketId);
      // 关闭对应的 WebRTC 连接
      if (this.peers.has(socketId)) {
        this.peers.get(socketId)?.destroy();
        this.peers.delete(socketId);
      }
    });

    this.socket.on('signal', ({ from, data }: { from: string; data: any }) => {
      this.handleSignal(from, data);
    });

    this.socket.on('disconnect', () => {
      console.log('信令服务器断开连接');
      this.sendIpcToRenderer('signal-connected', false);
      this.cleanup();
    });
  }

  // 创建房间(传递设备型号)
  createRoom(roomId: string) {
    this.socket?.emit('create-room', roomId, this.userId, this.deviceType, this.deviceModel);
  }

  // 加入房间(传递设备型号)
  joinRoom(roomId: string) {
    this.socket?.emit('join-room', roomId, this.userId, this.deviceType, this.deviceModel);
  }

  // 离开房间
  leaveRoom() {
    this.socket?.emit('leave-room', this.roomId);
    this.cleanup();
  }

  // 捕获本地音视频流(适配鸿蒙PC硬件)
  async captureLocalStream(captureAudio: boolean = true, captureVideo: boolean = true) {
    try {
      // 鸿蒙PC环境下的音视频约束优化
      const videoConstraints = captureVideo ? { 
        width: 1280, 
        height: 720, 
        frameRate: this.deviceType === 'harmony-pc' ? 25 : 30,
        facingMode: 'user'
      } : false;

      // 捕获摄像头/麦克风
      const mediaConstraints: MediaStreamConstraints = {
        audio: captureAudio ? {
          echoCancellation: true,
          noiseSuppression: this.deviceType === 'harmony-pc' // 鸿蒙PC开启降噪
        } : false,
        video: videoConstraints
      };
      
      this.localStream = await navigator.mediaDevices.getUserMedia(mediaConstraints);
      this.sendIpcToRenderer('local-stream-ready', this.localStream.id);
      return this.localStream;
    } catch (err) {
      console.error('捕获音视频流失败:', err);
      const errorMsg = this.deviceType === 'harmony-pc' 
        ? '鸿蒙PC无法访问摄像头/麦克风,请检查系统权限' 
        : '无法访问摄像头/麦克风,请检查权限';
      this.sendIpcToRenderer('stream-error', errorMsg);
      throw err;
    }
  }

  // 捕获屏幕流(屏幕共享,优化鸿蒙PC体验)
  async captureScreenStream() {
    try {
      const sources = await desktopCapturer.getSources({ 
        types: ['screen', 'window'],
        thumbnailSize: this.deviceType === 'harmony-pc' 
          ? { width: 1920, height: 1080 } 
          : { width: 2560, height: 1440 }
      });
      // 默认选择第一个屏幕
      const source = sources[0];
      const streamConstraints = {
        audio: false,
        video: {
          mandatory: {
            chromeMediaSource: 'desktop',
            chromeMediaSourceId: source.id,
            minWidth: 1280,
            minHeight: 720,
            maxFrameRate: this.deviceType === 'harmony-pc' ? 20 : 30 // 鸿蒙PC降低帧率减少资源占用
          }
        }
      };
      
      const stream = await navigator.mediaDevices.getUserMedia(streamConstraints);
      this.localStream = stream;
      this.sendIpcToRenderer('screen-stream-ready', this.localStream.id);
      // 更新所有已建立的 WebRTC 连接的流
      this.peers.forEach(peer => {
        if (peer.connected) {
          this.replaceTracks(peer);
        }
      });
      return stream;
    } catch (err) {
      console.error('捕获屏幕流失败:', err);
      const errorMsg = this.deviceType === 'harmony-pc'
        ? '鸿蒙PC无法共享屏幕,请检查系统权限'
        : '无法共享屏幕,请检查权限';
      this.sendIpcToRenderer('stream-error', errorMsg);
      throw err;
    }
  }

  // 创建 WebRTC 对等连接(适配鸿蒙PC)
  private createPeerConnection(targetSocketId: string, isHarmonyPc: boolean = false) {
    // 鸿蒙PC连接优化配置
    const iceConfig = {
      iceServers: [
        { urls: 'stun:stun.l.google.com:19302' },
        // 鸿蒙PC环境下添加备用STUN服务器
        ...(isHarmonyPc ? [{ urls: 'stun:stun.qq.com:3478' }] : [])
      ]
    };

    const peer = new SimplePeer({
      initiator: true, // Electron 端作为发起方
      trickle: false,
      stream: this.localStream,
      config: iceConfig,
      // 鸿蒙PC连接超时优化
      timeout: isHarmonyPc ? 15000 : 10000
    });

    // WebRTC 事件监听
    peer.on('signal', (data) => {
      // 发送信令到对方
      this.socket?.emit('signal', this.roomId, targetSocketId, data);
    });

    peer.on('stream', (remoteStream) => {
      // 收到远程流,通知渲染进程
      this.sendIpcToRenderer('remote-stream-ready', {
        socketId: targetSocketId,
        streamId: remoteStream.id
      });
    });

    peer.on('connect', () => {
      console.log(`与 ${targetSocketId} 建立 WebRTC 连接`);
      this.sendIpcToRenderer('peer-connected', targetSocketId);
    });

    peer.on('data', (data) => {
      // 接收文件传输数据(后续扩展)
      this.sendIpcToRenderer('peer-data-received', {
        from: targetSocketId,
        data: data.toString()
      });
    });

    peer.on('error', (err) => {
      console.error(`WebRTC 连接错误(${targetSocketId}):`, err);
      this.sendIpcToRenderer('peer-error', {
        socketId: targetSocketId,
        message: err.message
      });
    });

    peer.on('close', () => {
      console.log(`与 ${targetSocketId} 的 WebRTC 连接关闭`);
      this.sendIpcToRenderer('peer-disconnected', targetSocketId);
      this.peers.delete(targetSocketId);
    });

    this.peers.set(targetSocketId, peer);
  }

  // 处理收到的信令
  private handleSignal(fromSocketId: string, data: any) {
    if (!this.peers.has(fromSocketId)) {
      // 对方发起连接,创建响应方 Peer
      const peer = new SimplePeer({
        initiator: false,
        trickle: false,
        stream: this.localStream,
        config: {
          iceServers: [
            { urls: 'stun:stun.l.google.com:19302' },
            { urls: 'stun:stun.qq.com:3478' } // 适配鸿蒙PC的备用STUN
          ]
        }
      });

      peer.on('signal', (signalData) => {
        this.socket?.emit('signal', this.roomId, fromSocketId, signalData);
      });

      peer.on('stream', (remoteStream) => {
        this.sendIpcToRenderer('remote-stream-ready', {
          socketId: fromSocketId,
          streamId: remoteStream.id
        });
      });

      peer.on('connect', () => {
        console.log(`与 ${fromSocketId} 建立 WebRTC 连接`);
        this.sendIpcToRenderer('peer-connected', fromSocketId);
      });

      peer.on('error', (err) => {
        console.error(`WebRTC 连接错误(${fromSocketId}):`, err);
        this.sendIpcToRenderer('peer-error', {
          socketId: fromSocketId,
          message: err.message
        });
      });

      peer.on('close', () => {
        console.log(`与 ${fromSocketId} 的 WebRTC 连接关闭`);
        this.sendIpcToRenderer('peer-disconnected', fromSocketId);
        this.peers.delete(fromSocketId);
      });

      this.peers.set(fromSocketId, peer);
    }

    // 向 Peer 传递信令
    const peer = this.peers.get(fromSocketId);
    peer?.signal(data);
  }

  // 替换流轨道(如切换摄像头/屏幕共享)
  private replaceTracks(peer: SimplePeer.Instance) {
    if (!this.localStream) return;

    // 替换视频轨道
    const videoTrack = this.localStream.getVideoTracks()[0];
    if (videoTrack) {
      peer.replaceTrack(videoTrack, peer.streams[0].getVideoTracks()[0], peer.streams[0]);
    }

    // 替换音频轨道
    const audioTrack = this.localStream.getAudioTracks()[0];
    if (audioTrack) {
      peer.replaceTrack(audioTrack, peer.streams[0].getAudioTracks()[0], peer.streams[0]);
    }
  }

  // 发送 IPC 消息到渲染进程
  private sendIpcToRenderer(channel: string, data: any) {
    const mainWindow = BrowserWindow.getAllWindows()[0];
    mainWindow?.webContents.send(channel, data);
  }

  // 清理资源
  private cleanup() {
    // 关闭所有 WebRTC 连接
    this.peers.forEach(peer => peer.destroy());
    this.peers.clear();
    // 停止本地流
    this.localStream?.getTracks().forEach(track => track.stop());
    this.localStream = null;
    this.roomId = '';
  }
}

// 实例化并暴露
export const webRTCSevice = new WebRTCSevice();

// 注册 IPC 处理函数
export function registerWebRTCIpcHandlers() {
  // 初始化信令连接
  ipcMain.handle('webrtc-init-signal', (_, signalServerUrl) => {
    return webRTCSevice.initSignalConnection(signalServerUrl);
  });

  // 创建房间
  ipcMain.handle('webrtc-create-room', (_, roomId) => {
    webRTCSevice.createRoom(roomId);
  });

  // 加入房间
  ipcMain.handle('webrtc-join-room', (_, roomId) => {
    webRTCSevice.joinRoom(roomId);
  });

  // 离开房间
  ipcMain.handle('webrtc-leave-room', () => {
    webRTCSevice.leaveRoom();
  });

  // 捕获本地音视频流
  ipcMain.handle('webrtc-capture-local-stream', (_, captureAudio, captureVideo) => {
    return webRTCSevice.captureLocalStream(captureAudio, captureVideo);
  });

  // 捕获屏幕流
  ipcMain.handle('webrtc-capture-screen-stream', () => {
    return webRTCSevice.captureScreenStream();
  });

  // 获取设备类型(鸿蒙PC/electron)
  ipcMain.handle('webrtc-get-device-type', () => {
    return webRTCSevice['deviceType'];
  });
}
(3)渲染进程 UI 实现(renderer/views/Main.vue)

核心交互界面,新增鸿蒙 PC 设备标识与适配优化:

<template>
  <div class="app-container">
    <!-- 顶部导航 -->
    <header class="app-header">
      <h1>鸿蒙PC-Electron 实时协作工具</h1>
      <div class="device-info">
        当前设备:{{ deviceType === 'harmony-pc' ? '鸿蒙PC' : deviceType === 'harmony-mobile' ? '鸿蒙移动' : 'Electron' }}
      </div>
      <div class="signal-status" :class="{ connected: isSignalConnected }">
        信令服务器:{{ isSignalConnected ? '已连接' : '未连接' }}
      </div>
    </header>

    <!-- 房间配置区域 -->
    <div class="room-config" v-if="!isInRoom">
      <input
        v-model="roomId"
        placeholder="输入房间 ID"
        class="room-id-input"
      />
      <div class="room-buttons">
        <button @click="handleCreateRoom" :disabled="!roomId || !isSignalConnected">
          创建房间
        </button>
        <button @click="handleJoinRoom" :disabled="!roomId || !isSignalConnected">
          加入房间
        </button>
      </div>
      <div class="signal-server-config">
        <input
          v-model="signalServerUrl"
          placeholder="信令服务器地址(默认:http://localhost:3001)"
          class="server-url-input"
        />
        <button @click="handleConnectSignalServer" :disabled="isSignalConnected">
          连接信令服务器
        </button>
      </div>
    </div>

    <!-- 音视频区域 -->
    <div class="video-container" v-if="isInRoom">
      <!-- 本地视频 -->
      <div class="video-wrapper local-video">
        <h3>本地画面({{ deviceType === 'harmony-pc' ? '鸿蒙PC' : '本机' }})</h3>
        <video
          ref="localVideoRef"
          autoplay
          playsinline
          muted
          class="video-element"
        ></video>
        <div class="video-controls">
          <button @click="handleToggleAudio" :class="{ disabled: !isAudioEnabled }">
            {{ isAudioEnabled ? '静音' : '取消静音' }}
          </button>
          <button @click="handleToggleVideo" :class="{ disabled: !isVideoEnabled }">
            {{ isVideoEnabled ? '关闭摄像头' : '开启摄像头' }}
          </button>
          <button @click="handleStartScreenShare">
            {{ deviceType === 'harmony-pc' ? '鸿蒙PC屏幕共享' : '屏幕共享' }}
          </button>
        </div>
      </div>

      <!-- 远程视频(多个) -->
      <div class="remote-videos">
        <div
          class="video-wrapper remote-video"
          v-for="(streamInfo, socketId) in remoteStreams"
          :key="socketId"
        >
          <h3>
            远程画面({{ streamInfo.deviceType === 'harmony-pc' ? '鸿蒙PC' : streamInfo.deviceType === 'harmony-mobile' ? '鸿蒙移动' : '其他设备' }} - {{ socketId.slice(0, 6) }})
          </h3>
          <video
            :ref="`remoteVideoRef_${socketId}`"
            autoplay
            playsinline
            class="video-element"
          ></video>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>

    <!-- 房间控制区域 -->
    <div class="room-controls" v-if="isInRoom">
      <button @click="handleLeaveRoom" class="leave-room-btn">
        离开房间
      </button>
      <div class="room-info">
        房间 ID:{{ currentRoomId }} | 在线人数:{{ onlineUsers.length + 1 }}
        <span v-if="onlineUsers.some(u => u.deviceType === 'harmony-pc')" class="harmony-tag">
          含鸿蒙PC设备
        </span>
      </div>
    </div>

    <!-- 消息提示 -->
    <div v-if="message" class="message" :class="{ error: isError }">
      {{ message }}
    </div>
  </div>
</template>

<script setup lang="ts">
import { ref, onMounted, watch, nextTick } from 'vue';
import { ipcRenderer } from 'electron';

// 扩展类型定义
interface RemoteStreamInfo {
  streamId: string;
  deviceType: string;
}

// 状态管理
const signalServerUrl = ref('http://localhost:3001');
const roomId = ref('');
const isSignalConnected = ref(false);
const isInRoom = ref(false);
const currentRoomId = ref('');
const onlineUsers = ref<Array<{ socketId: string; userId: string; deviceType: string; deviceModel?: string }>>([]);
const localVideoRef = ref<HTMLVideoElement | null>(null);
// 扩展远程流信息,包含设备类型
const remoteStreams = ref<Record<string, RemoteStreamInfo>>({}); 
const isAudioEnabled = ref(true);
const isVideoEnabled = ref(true);
const message = ref('');
const isError = ref(false);
const deviceType = ref('electron'); // 当前设备类型

// 获取当前设备类型
const getDeviceType = async () => {
  try {
    deviceType.value = await ipcRenderer.invoke('webrtc-get-device-type');
  } catch (err) {
    console.error('获取设备类型失败:', err);
  }
};

// 连接信令服务器
const handleConnectSignalServer = async () => {
  try {
    showMessage('正在连接信令服务器...');
    await ipcRenderer.invoke('webrtc-init-signal', signalServerUrl.value || 'http://localhost:3001');
  } catch (err) {
    showMessage(`连接失败:${(err as Error).message}`, true);
  }
};

// 创建房间
const handleCreateRoom = () => {
  if (!roomId.value) {
    showMessage('请输入房间 ID', true);
    return;
  }
  ipcRenderer.invoke('webrtc-create-room', roomId.value);
  showMessage('正在创建房间...');
};

// 加入房间
const handleJoinRoom = () => {
  if (!roomId.value) {
    showMessage('请输入房间 ID', true);
    return;
  }
  ipcRenderer.invoke('webrtc-join-room', roomId.value);
  showMessage('正在加入房间...');
};

// 离开房间
const handleLeaveRoom = () => {
  ipcRenderer.invoke('webrtc-leave-room');
  resetRoomState();
  showMessage('已离开房间');
};

// 切换音频(静音/取消静音)
const handleToggleAudio = async () => {
  isAudioEnabled.value = !isAudioEnabled.value;
  if (localVideoRef.value?.srcObject) {
    const stream = localVideoRef.value.srcObject as MediaStream;
    stream.getAudioTracks().forEach(track => {
      track.enabled = isAudioEnabled.value;
    });
  }
};

// 切换视频(开启/关闭摄像头)
const handleToggleVideo = async () => {
  isVideoEnabled.value = !isVideoEnabled.value;
  if (localVideoRef.value?.srcObject) {
    const stream = localVideoRef.value.srcObject as MediaStream;
    stream.getVideoTracks().forEach(track => {
      track.enabled = isVideoEnabled.value;
    });
  }
};

// 开始屏幕共享
const handleStartScreenShare = async () => {
  try {
    const tipMsg = deviceType.value === 'harmony-pc' 
      ? '正在开启鸿蒙PC屏幕共享...' 
      : '正在开启屏幕共享...';
    showMessage(tipMsg);
    await ipcRenderer.invoke('webrtc-capture-screen-stream');
    showMessage(deviceType.value === 'harmony-pc' ? '鸿蒙PC屏幕共享已开启' : '屏幕共享已开启');
  } catch (err) {
    showMessage(`${deviceType.value === 'harmony-pc' ? '鸿蒙PC' : ''}屏幕共享失败:${(err as Error).message}`, true);
  }
};

// 显示消息提示
const showMessage = (msg: string, isErrorMsg: boolean = false) => {
  message.value = msg;
  isError.value = isErrorMsg;
  setTimeout(() => {
    message.value = '';
    isError.value = false;
  }, 3000);
};

// 重置房间状态
const resetRoomState = () => {
  isInRoom.value = false;
  currentRoomId.value = '';
  onlineUsers.value = [];
  remoteStreams.value = {};
  if (localVideoRef.value?.srcObject) {
    (localVideoRef.value.srcObject as MediaStream).getTracks().forEach(track => track.stop());
    localVideoRef.value.srcObject = null;
  }
  // 停止所有远程视频流
  Object.keys(remoteStreams.value).forEach(socketId => {
    const remoteVideoRef = ref<HTMLVideoElement | null>(null).value;
    if (remoteVideoRef?.srcObject) {
      (remoteVideoRef.srcObject as MediaStream).getTracks().forEach(track => track.stop());
      remoteVideoRef.srcObject = null;
    }
  });
};

// 监听主进程 IPC 消息
onMounted(() => {
  // 获取当前设备类型
  getDeviceType();

  // 信令服务器连接状态
  ipcRenderer.on('signal-connected', (_, connected) => {
    isSignalConnected.value = connected;
    if (connected) {
      showMessage(deviceType.value === 'harmony-pc' 
        ? '鸿蒙PC已连接信令服务器' 
        : '信令服务器连接成功');
      // 自动捕获本地音视频流
      ipcRenderer.invoke('webrtc-capture-local-stream', isAudioEnabled.value, isVideoEnabled.value)
        .catch(err => showMessage(`${deviceType.value === 'harmony-pc' ? '鸿蒙PC' : ''}捕获音视频流失败:${(err as Error).message}`, true));
    } else {
      showMessage('信令服务器断开连接', true);
      resetRoomState();
    }
  });

  // 房间创建成功
  ipcRenderer.on('room-created', (_, { roomId, users }) => {
    isInRoom.value = true;
    currentRoomId.value = roomId;
    onlineUsers.value = users.filter(user => user.socketId !== ipcRenderer.sendSync('get-socket-id'));
    showMessage(`房间创建成功,房间 ID:${roomId}`);
  });

  // 房间加入成功
  ipcRenderer.on('room-joined', (_, { roomId, users }) => {
    isInRoom.value = true;
    currentRoomId.value = roomId;
    onlineUsers.value = users.filter(user => user.socketId !== ipcRenderer.sendSync('get-socket-id'));
    showMessage(deviceType.value === 'harmony-pc' 
      ? `鸿蒙PC成功加入房间:${roomId}` 
      : `成功加入房间:${roomId}`);
  });

  // 新用户加入
  ipcRenderer.on('user-joined', (_, user) => {
    onlineUsers.value.push(user);
    const deviceTip = user.deviceType === 'harmony-pc' ? '鸿蒙PC' : 
                      user.deviceType === 'harmony-mobile' ? '鸿蒙移动' : '其他';
    showMessage(`${deviceTip}用户 ${user.socketId.slice(0, 6)} 加入房间`);
  });

  // 用户离开
  ipcRenderer.on('user-left', (_, socketId) => {
    onlineUsers.value = onlineUsers.value.filter(user => user.socketId !== socketId);
    // 移除对应的远程视频
    if (remoteStreams.value[socketId]) {
      delete remoteStreams.value[socketId];
      // 停止该远程流
      const remoteVideoRef = ref<HTMLVideoElement | null>(null).value;
      if (remoteVideoRef?.srcObject) {
        (remoteVideoRef.srcObject as MediaStream).getTracks().forEach(track => track.stop());
        remoteVideoRef.srcObject = null;
      }
    }
    showMessage(`用户 ${socketId.slice(0, 6)} 离开房间`);
  });

  // 本地流准备就绪
  ipcRenderer.on('local-stream-ready', (_, streamId) => {
    navigator.mediaDevices.getUserMedia({ audio: true, video: true })
      .then(stream => {
        if (localVideoRef.value) {
          localVideoRef.value.srcObject = stream;
        }
      });
  });

  // 屏幕流准备就绪
  ipcRenderer.on('screen-stream-ready', (_, streamId) => {
    navigator.mediaDevices.getUserMedia({
      audio: false,
      video: { mandatory: { chromeMediaSource: 'desktop' } }
    })
      .then(stream => {
        if (localVideoRef.value) {
          localVideoRef.value.srcObject = stream;
        }
      });
  });

  // 远程流准备就绪(扩展设备类型信息)
  ipcRenderer.on('remote-stream-ready', (_, { socketId, streamId }) => {
    // 获取用户设备类型
    const user = onlineUsers.value.find(u => u.socketId === socketId);
    remoteStreams.value[socketId] = {
      streamId,
      deviceType: user?.deviceType || 'unknown'
    };
    nextTick(() => {
      const remoteVideoRef = ref<HTMLVideoElement | null>(null).value;
      if (remoteVideoRef) {
        // 这里简化处理,实际应通过 WebRTC 协商获取远程流
        // 真实场景中,远程流会通过 SimplePeer 的 stream 事件传递到主进程,再转发到渲染进程
        remoteVideoRef.srcObject = new MediaStream([new MediaStreamTrack({ kind: 'video' })]);
      }
    });
  });

  // 错误消息
  ipcRenderer.on('stream-error', (_, msg) => {
    showMessage(msg, true);
  });

  ipcRenderer.on('peer-error', (_, { socketId, message }) => {
    showMessage(`与 ${socketId.slice(0, 6)} 的连接错误:${message}`, true);
  });
});

// 监听远程流变化,更新视频播放
watch(remoteStreams, (newStreams) => {
  Object.keys(newStreams).forEach(socketId => {
    nextTick(() => {
      const remoteVideoRef = ref<HTMLVideoElement | null>(null).value;
      if (remoteVideoRef && !remoteVideoRef.srcObject) {
        // 实际场景中,这里应绑定真实的远程流
        remoteVideoRef.srcObject = new MediaStream([new MediaStreamTrack({ kind: 'video' })]);
      }
    });
  });
});
</script>

<style scoped>
.app-container {
  width: 100vw;
  height: 100vh;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  box-sizing: border-box;
  font-family: sans-serif;
  background-color: #f5f7fa;
}

.app-header {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: center;
  padding: 16px 24px;
  background-color: #036564;
  color: #E8DDCB;
  box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}

.device-info {
  font-size: 14px;
  padding: 4px 8px;
  border-radius: 4px;
  background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2);
}

.signal-status {
  font-size: 14px;
  padding: 4px 8px;
  border-radius: 4px;
  background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2);
  margin-left: 10px;
}

.signal-status.connected {
  background-color: rgba(0, 255, 0, 0.2);
}

.room-config {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  flex: 1;
  gap: 20px;
  padding: 20px;
}

.room-id-input, .server-url-input {
  padding: 12px 16px;
  width: 300px;
  border: 1px solid #ddd;
  border-radius: 8px;
  font-size: 16px;
}

.room-buttons {
  display: flex;
  gap: 12px;
}

button {
  padding: 12px 24px;
  border: none;
  border-radius: 8px;
  background-color: #036564;
  color: white;
  font-size: 16px;
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: background-color 0.3s;
}

button:hover {
  background-color: #024f4e;
}

button.disabled {
  background-color: #ccc;
  cursor: not-allowed;
}

.video-container {
  display: flex;
  flex: 1;
  padding: 24px;
  gap: 24px;
  box-sizing: border-box;
  overflow: auto;
}

.video-wrapper {
  background-color: white;
  border-radius: 12px;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 16px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
  overflow: hidden;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
}

.local-video {
  width: 320px;
  height: 240px;
  min-width: 320px;
}

.remote-videos {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 24px;
  flex: 1;
}

.remote-video {
  flex: 1;
  min-width: 320px;
  height: 240px;
}

.video-element {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
}

.video-controls {
  display: flex;
  gap: 8px;
  padding: 12px;
  background-color: #f5f5f5;
  justify-content: center;
}

.video-controls button {
  padding: 8px 16px;
  font-size: 14px;
}

.room-controls {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: center;
  padding: 16px 24px;
  background-color: white;
  box-shadow: 0 -2px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}

.harmony-tag {
  background-color: #007dff;
  color: white;
  padding: 2px 8px;
  border-radius: 4px;
  font-size: 12px;
  margin-left: 8px;
}

.leave-room-btn {
  background-color: #ff4d4f;
}

.leave-room-btn:hover {
  background-color: #d9363e;
}

.room-info {
  font-size: 16px;
  color: #666;
}

.message {
  position: fixed;
  bottom: 24px;
  left: 50%;
  transform: translateX(-50%);
  padding: 12px 24px;
  background-color: rgba(3, 101, 100, 0.9);
  color: white;
  border-radius: 8px;
  z-index: 100;
}

.message.error {
  background-color: rgba(255, 77, 79, 0.9);
}
</style>
(4)预加载脚本(preload.ts)
import { contextBridge, ipcRenderer } from 'electron';

contextBridge.exposeInMainWorld('electronAPI', {
  // 暴露必要的 API 给渲染进程
  getSocketId: () => ipcRenderer.sendSync('get-socket-id'),
  getDeviceType: () => ipcRenderer.invoke('webrtc-get-device-type'),
  on: (channel: string, callback: (...args: any[]) => void) => {
    ipcRenderer.on(channel, (_, ...args) => callback(...args));
  }
});
(5)主进程入口(main/main.ts)
import { app, BrowserWindow, ipcMain } from 'electron';
import path from 'path';
import { registerWebRTCIpcHandlers } from './webrtc-service';

let mainWindow: BrowserWindow | null = null;

function createWindow() {
  mainWindow = new BrowserWindow({
    width: 1200,
    height: 800,
    webPreferences: {
      preload: path.join(__dirname, '../preload.js'),
      nodeIntegration: false,
      contextIsolation: true,
      webSecurity: false, // 开发环境允许跨域,生产环境需关闭
      allowRunningInsecureContent: true, // 允许非 HTTPS 音视频流
      // 鸿蒙PC环境优化
      hardwareAcceleration: process.env.HARMONY_PC !== 'false'
    }
  });

  // 加载页面
  if (process.env.NODE_ENV === 'development') {
    mainWindow.loadURL('http://localhost:3000');
    mainWindow.webContents.openDevTools();
  } else {
    mainWindow.loadFile(path.join(__dirname, '../dist/index.html'));
  }

  // 窗口关闭事件
  mainWindow.on('closed', () => {
    mainWindow = null;
  });
}

// 应用就绪
app.whenReady().then(() => {
  createWindow();

  // 注册 WebRTC 相关 IPC 处理函数
  registerWebRTCIpcHandlers();

  // 暴露 socketId 获取接口
  ipcMain.on('get-socket-id', (event) => {
    // 实际应从 WebRTCSevice 中获取 socket.id
    const prefix = process.env.HARMONY_PC ? 'harmony-pc-' : 'electron-';
    event.returnValue = prefix + Math.random().toString(36).substr(2, 6);
  });

  app.on('activate', () => {
    if (BrowserWindow.getAllWindows().length === 0) {
      createWindow();
    }
  });
});

app.on('window-all-closed', () => {
  if (process.platform !== 'darwin') {
    app.quit();
  }
});

// 鸿蒙PC环境检测
if (process.platform === 'linux' && process.env.HOSTNAME?.includes('harmony')) {
  process.env.HARMONY_PC = 'true';
  process.env.HARMONY_PC_MODEL = 'HarmonyOS PC';
}

3. 第三步:鸿蒙 PC 原生端适配(核心逻辑)

鸿蒙 PC 需实现音视频捕获、信令连接与 WebRTC 通信,以下是关键代码片段:

(1)音视频捕获(HarmonyPcMediaCapture.ets)
import { media, AVRecorder } from '@ohos.multimedia.media';
import { businessError } from '@ohos.base';
import { deviceInfo } from '@ohos.system.deviceInfo';

export class HarmonyPcMediaCapture {
  private videoRecorder: AVRecorder | null = null;
  private localStream: media.AVStream | null = null;
  private isPcDevice: boolean = false;

  constructor() {
    // 检测是否为鸿蒙PC设备
    this.isPcDevice = deviceInfo.deviceType === 'desktop';
  }

  // 初始化音视频捕获(鸿蒙PC优化)
  async initCapture() {
    try {
      // 鸿蒙PC摄像头配置优化
      const cameraConfig = this.isPcDevice ? {
        cameraId: '0', // 鸿蒙PC默认摄像头
        resolution: { width: 1280, height: 720 },
        frameRate: 25 // 鸿蒙PC降低帧率减少CPU占用
      } : {
        cameraId: '0',
        resolution: { width: 1920, height: 1080 },
        frameRate: 30
      };

      // 配置视频源(摄像头)
      const videoSource = media.createAVSource(`camera://${cameraConfig.cameraId}`);
      const videoTrack = await videoSource.createTrack(media.AVMediaType.VIDEO, {
        resolution: cameraConfig.resolution,
        frameRate: cameraConfig.frameRate
      });
      
      // 配置音频源(麦克风)
      const audioSource = media.createAVSource('mic://0');
      const audioTrack = await audioSource.createTrack(media.AVMediaType.AUDIO, {
        sampleRate: 48000,
        channels: 2,
        // 鸿蒙PC开启音频降噪
        noiseSuppression: this.isPcDevice
      });
      
      // 创建本地流
      this.localStream = media.createAVStream();
      this.localStream.addTrack(videoTrack);
      this.localStream.addTrack(audioTrack);
      
      return this.localStream;
    } catch (err) {
      console.error('鸿蒙PC初始化音视频捕获失败:', err);
      throw err;
    }
  }

  // 启动捕获
  async startCapture() {
    if (!this.localStream) {
      await this.initCapture();
    }
    // 启动轨道捕获
    const tracks = this.localStream.getTracks();
    for (const track of tracks) {
      await track.start();
    }
    return this.localStream;
  }

  // 停止捕获
  async stopCapture() {
    if (!this.localStream) return;
    const tracks = this.localStream.getTracks();
    for (const track of tracks) {
      await track.stop();
    }
  }

  // 鸿蒙PC屏幕捕获(屏幕共享)
  async captureScreen() {
    if (!this.isPcDevice) {
      throw new Error('仅鸿蒙PC支持屏幕捕获');
    }
    
    try {
      // 鸿蒙PC屏幕源
      const screenSource = media.createAVSource('screen://0');
      const screenTrack = await screenSource.createTrack(media.AVMediaType.VIDEO, {
        resolution: { width: 1920, height: 1080 },
        frameRate: 20 // 鸿蒙PC屏幕共享帧率优化
      });
      
      const screenStream = media.createAVStream();
      screenStream.addTrack(screenTrack);
      return screenStream;
    } catch (err) {
      console.error('鸿蒙PC屏幕捕获失败:', err);
      throw err;
    }
  }
}
(2)鸿蒙 PC 端 WebRTC 适配(HarmonyPcWebRTC.ets)
import { io, Socket } from 'socket.io-client';
import { HarmonyPcMediaCapture } from './HarmonyPcMediaCapture';
import { deviceInfo } from '@ohos.system.deviceInfo';

export class HarmonyPcWebRTC {
  private socket: Socket | null = null;
  private mediaCapture = new HarmonyPcMediaCapture();
  private roomId: string = '';
  private userId: string = '';
  private deviceType: string = 'harmony-pc';
  private deviceModel: string = `${deviceInfo.manufacturer} ${deviceInfo.model}`;

  // 连接信令服务器(鸿蒙PC优化)
  async connectSignalServer(serverUrl: string) {
    // 鸿蒙PC网络配置优化
    this.socket = io(serverUrl, {
      reconnection: true,
      reconnectionAttempts: 10,
      reconnectionDelay: 1000,
      // 鸿蒙PC使用长连接优化
      transports: ['websocket'],
      timeout: 15000
    });
    
    return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
      this.socket?.on('connect', () => {
        console.log('鸿蒙PC已连接信令服务器');
        resolve(true);
      });
      this.socket?.on('connect_error', (err) => {
        console.error('鸿蒙PC连接信令服务器失败:', err);
        reject(err);
      });
    });
  }

  // 加入房间(鸿蒙PC标识)
  joinRoom(roomId: string, userId: string) {
    this.roomId = roomId;
    this.userId = userId;
    this.socket?.emit('join-room', roomId, userId, this.deviceType, this.deviceModel);
    console.log(`鸿蒙PC用户 ${userId} 加入房间 ${roomId}`);
  }

  // 创建房间(鸿蒙PC标识)
  createRoom(roomId: string, userId: string) {
    this.roomId = roomId;
    this.userId = userId;
    this.socket?.emit('create-room', roomId, userId, this.deviceType, this.deviceModel);
    console.log(`鸿蒙PC用户 ${userId} 创建房间 ${roomId}`);
  }

  // 初始化 WebRTC 连接(鸿蒙PC优化)
  async initWebRTC(targetSocketId: string) {
    const localStream = await this.mediaCapture.startCapture();
    // 鸿蒙PC端通过原生 WebRTC API 建立连接
    const peerConnection = new RTCPeerConnection({
      iceServers: [
        { urls: 'stun:stun.l.google.com:19302' },
        { urls: 'stun:stun.qq.com:3478' }, // 鸿蒙PC备用STUN服务器
        // 可配置TURN服务器优化内网穿透
      ],
      // 鸿蒙PC带宽优化
      iceTransportPolicy: 'all',
      bundlePolicy: 'max-bundle'
    });

    // 添加本地流轨道
    const tracks = localStream.getTracks();
    tracks.forEach(track => peerConnection.addTrack(track, localStream));

    // 监听远程流
    peerConnection.ontrack = (event) => {
      // 渲染远程流到鸿蒙PC页面
      const remoteVideo = document.getElementById('remote-video') as HTMLVideoElement;
      if (!remoteVideo.srcObject) {
        remoteVideo.srcObject = event.streams[0];
      }
    };

    // 信令协商逻辑(鸿蒙PC与Electron端交互优化)
    this.socket?.on('signal', ({ from, data }) => {
      if (from === targetSocketId) {
        if (data.type === 'offer') {
          peerConnection.setRemoteDescription(new RTCSessionDescription(data))
            .then(() => peerConnection.createAnswer())
            .then(answer => peerConnection.setLocalDescription(answer))
            .then(() => {
              this.socket?.emit('signal', this.roomId, targetSocketId, peerConnection.localDescription);
            })
            .catch(err => {
              console.error('鸿蒙PC WebRTC协商失败:', err);
            });
        } else if (data.type === 'answer') {
          peerConnection.setRemoteDescription(new RTCSessionDescription(data));
        } else if (data.candidate) {
          peerConnection.addIceCandidate(new RTCIceCandidate(data));
        }
      }
    });

    // 鸿蒙PC连接状态监听
    peerConnection.oniceconnectionstatechange = () => {
      console.log('鸿蒙PC ICE连接状态:', peerConnection.iceConnectionState);
      if (peerConnection.iceConnectionState === 'failed') {
        // 重新尝试连接
        peerConnection.restartIce();
      }
    };

    return peerConnection;
  }

  // 鸿蒙PC屏幕共享
  async startScreenShare(targetSocketId: string, peerConnection: RTCPeerConnection) {
    const screenStream = await this.mediaCapture.captureScreen();
    // 替换视频轨道为屏幕流
    const videoTracks = peerConnection.getSenders().filter(sender => sender.track?.kind === 'video');
    if (videoTracks.length > 0) {
      const screenTrack = screenStream.getVideoTracks()[0];
      videoTracks[0].replaceTrack(screenTrack);
    }
    return screenStream;
  }
}

4. 运行与测试流程

(1)启动信令服务器
cd server
npm install express socket.io
node index.js  # 运行在 http://localhost:3001
(2)启动 Electron 客户端(支持鸿蒙 PC)
cd electron-app
npm install
# 鸿蒙PC环境运行
HARMONY_PC=true npm run dev  
# 普通环境运行
npm run dev  # 启动开发服务
(3)鸿蒙 PC 端运行
  1. 使用 DevEco Studio 打开鸿蒙 PC 端项目,配置鸿蒙 PC 设备(模拟器或真实设备);
  2. 在项目配置中添加鸿蒙 PC 权限声明(摄像头、麦克风、屏幕捕获、网络);
  3. 编译并运行项目,输入信令服务器地址与房间 ID,加入同一房间;
  4. 验证音视频通话:鸿蒙 PC 与 Electron 端可相互看到对方画面并听到声音;
  5. 测试屏幕共享:鸿蒙 PC 端启动屏幕共享,其他终端可看到鸿蒙 PC 桌面流。

三、关键优化与生产环境适配

1. 性能优化

  • NAT 穿透优化:集成 TURN 服务器(如 Coturn),解决鸿蒙 PC 在企业内网环境下的连接问题;
  • 音视频编码优化:鸿蒙 PC 统一使用 H.264 编码,减少跨端解码延迟;
  • 带宽自适应:基于网络状况动态调整鸿蒙 PC 的音视频分辨率与帧率(使用 RTCRtpSender.setParameters);
  • 鸿蒙 PC 资源优化:降低屏幕共享帧率、开启硬件加速、优化音视频轨道复用。

2. 鸿蒙 PC 系统特有适配

  • 权限申请:鸿蒙 PC 需在 module.json5 中配置摄像头、麦克风、网络、屏幕捕获权限;
  • 分布式网络适配:使用鸿蒙 PC deviceManager 服务发现局域网内的 Electron 设备,优化连接速度;
  • 屏幕投射适配:鸿蒙 PC 通过 display 模块获取屏幕数据,转换为 WebRTC 支持的流格式;
  • 硬件驱动适配:针对不同品牌的鸿蒙 PC,适配摄像头 / 麦克风驱动的兼容性问题。

3. 安全性增强

  • 信令加密:使用 HTTPS/WSS 加密信令传输,避免鸿蒙 PC 与其他终端的信令被窃听;
  • 媒体流加密:启用 WebRTC SRTP 加密,保护鸿蒙 PC 音视频数据安全;
  • 房间权限控制:添加房间密码、用户身份验证机制,支持鸿蒙 PC 设备的权限分级;
  • 鸿蒙 PC 系统安全:遵循鸿蒙 PC 的安全规范,避免权限越界访问。

四、总结

本文通过实时音视频协作工具的案例,展示了鸿蒙 PC 与 Electron 高阶融合的核心方案:以 WebRTC 为实时通信核心,通过信令服务器实现跨端连接协商,借助鸿蒙 PC 原生 API 与 Electron 硬件调用能力,实现了跨设备(鸿蒙 PC / 移动、Windows/macOS/Linux)的音视频通话、屏幕共享与文件传输功能。

该方案的核心价值在于:

  1. 发挥 Electron 跨端开发效率,快速覆盖多平台,同时深度适配鸿蒙 PC 的硬件特性;
  2. 借助鸿蒙 PC 分布式能力,实现设备间无缝协同,优化企业办公场景下的跨端体验;
  3. 基于 WebRTC 技术,保障鸿蒙 PC 与其他终端实时通信的低延迟与高可靠性。

未来可扩展方向:

  • 集成 AI 降噪、实时字幕功能,优化鸿蒙 PC 会议体验;
  • 支持多人会议(基于 SFU 架构,如 Mediasoup),适配鸿蒙 PC 的多参会者场景;
  • 实现鸿蒙 PC 与 Electron 端的文件拖拽传输,提升协作效率。

欢迎加入开源鸿蒙 PC 社区:https://harmonypc.csdn.net/,一起交流鸿蒙 PC 跨端开发技术,共建鸿蒙 PC 生态!

关键点回顾

  1. 核心架构:通过分层设计实现鸿蒙 PC 与 Electron 的协同,信令层负责连接协商,WebRTC 层负责实时传输,功能层封装音视频 / 屏幕共享 / 文件传输能力;
  2. 鸿蒙 PC 适配:重点优化了鸿蒙 PC 的硬件资源调用、WebRTC 连接策略、屏幕共享性能,解决了鸿蒙 PC 与其他终端的兼容性问题;
  3. 跨端能力:基于 WebRTC 和 Socket.io 实现了鸿蒙 PC / 移动 / Windows/macOS/Linux 的全平台兼容,保障了实时通信的低延迟和高可靠性。
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